staying within the  Church. This  group gradually  became vocal  and  approached Col.  Fraser,  the  British
Resident, with a memorandum in 1836 . But since nothing came of it, Abraham Malpan decided to take
action in his own parish of Maramon which was sympathetic towards his ideas of reform. He translated
the liturgy of the Holy Qurbana into local language Malayalam from Syriac and also eliminated from it the
prayers for  the dead and  invocation of saints  etc. He celebrated  Holy Qurbana in  his church using the
revised  St.James  liturgy  on  a  Sunday  in  1836.  This  was  tantamount  to  firing  the  first  shot  of  the
reformation.  He  later  on  removed  from  the  church  the  wooden  image  of  a  saint  reputed  to  have
miraculous powers, and in whose honor an annual festival was held that brought in huge income to the
Parish. Both  at Maramon  and at  the Syrian  Seminary at  Kottayam, and  in the  neighboring Parishes  of
Pallom  and  Kollad, Abraham  Malpan  popularized  Bible  teaching  and  preaching. Abraham  Malpan  and
Geevarghese Malpan had to give up their service in the Seminary, in 1840. Since then Abraham Malpan
concentrated  his  attention  on  the  work  of  reform,  holding  Bible  classes  and  prayer  meetings  and
instructing the deacons who were loyal to him.
Most prominent elements in the Reformation were:
Return to the gospel message of salvation by faith in Jesus Christ;
Cleansing of wrong ways of life, and
Taking up responsibility to be witnesses of Jesus Christ to other;
All importance be given to the primacy of the Word of God.
Thus the reformation movement was started. It was a return to the purity of the life and practice of the
early Church. The emphasis on preaching the word of God led to revival meetings, which were led both
by the clergy  and laymen. The  domination  of the  clergy as  custodians of  grace  became a  thing of  the
past.  Emphasis  was  given  to  the  sole  mediation  of  Christ,  importance  of  laity  and  priesthood  of  all
believers.  More  and  more  groups  were  formed  for  Bible  study;  and  conventions  for  preaching  and
hearing the Word of God became common.
Metropolitan Chepat Mar Dionysius was not prepared to accept such changes. So he refused to ordain
the  deacons  who  had  undergone  training  with  Abraham  Malpan.  He  also  excommunicated  Abraham
Malpan.  So  Abraham  Malpan  went  to  his  mother-parish  at  Maramon.  He  stood  strong  in  faith  and
convictions  when  faced with  serious  challenges  and  great difficulties.  However  the  whole  parish stood
with  him.  Others  who  favoured  the  reforms  went  to  hear  his  preaching  and  were  strengthed  by  his
exhortations.  Some  other  parishes  also  decided  to  adopt  the  programme  of  reformation.  Abraham
Malpan realized that unless he had the support of a bishop who was sympathetic towards his reforms,
there was little prospect of the movement gaining ground. So he sent his nephew Deacon Mathew, who
was then studying in Madras, to the Patriarch at Mardin in Syria. The Patriarch, being impressed with the
character  and  ability  of  the  deacon,  in  due  course  ordained  him  as  priest  and  consecrated  him  as
Metropolitan, with  the name Mathews Mar Athanasius. The  new Bishop  arrived in  Cochin in  1843 with
credentials received from the Patriarch.
The new Metropolitan went to Trivandrum and tried to obtain the Royal proclamation declaring him as the
Metropolitan of the Malankara Church. Chepat Mar Dionysius opposed this. Mathews Mar Athanasius got
the  royal  proclamation  in  1852  declaring  him  as  the  Metropolitan  of  the  Malankara  Church. Abraham
Malpan died at the early age of 49 years in 1845. Having received the Royal proclamation, Mathews Mar
Athanasius made himself more active and involved in the cause of reformation. Years later a group led by
Pulikottil  Joseph  Mar  Dionysius  who  was  consecrated  by  the  Patriarch  of  Antioch  worked  vigorously
against him  and his attempts to continue  reformation. Mathews Mar Athanasius,  consecratd his cousin
Abraham Malpan’s son, as Thomas Mar Athanasius in 1868. The reformed party had possession of the
Syrian  Seminary  as  Mathews  Mar Athanasius  had  been  declared  as  the  Malankara  Metropolitan.  The
Partriarch of Antioch himself came to Kerala in 1875. A prolonged litigation followed, as to who was the